Vermont School Biology Center: PROJECT EASE

Project EASE

What this module is about

In the study on the growth and development of plants, you need to be familiar with the parts of plants and their functions. There are three lessons prepared for you in this module:

􀂃 Lesson 1 – The Vegetative Parts of Plants

􀂃 Lesson 2 – The Reproductive Parts of Plants

􀂃 Lesson 3 – Seed Germination

What you are expected to learn

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Differentiate between the vegetative and reproductive parts of a plant;

2. Identify the vegetative and reproductive parts of plants;

3. Describe how plants are structurally designed to perform the different life

processes; and,

4. Explain the requirement of plants for growth and development.

How to learn from this module

1. Read carefully the instructions given.

2. Answer the pre-test first.

3. If you are told to go out and visit a garden, do not hesitate to do so. You may be asked to go to a place nearby. It may be a backyard, school ground or any vacant lot where plants grow.

4. Fill up the designated boxes for any drawing/labels required.

5. Compare the drawings and diagrams in this module with actual specimens.

Monocotyledons and Dicotyledons

Monocots and Dicots are two types of plants that develop from the Phylum Angiosperm (Plants with protected seed). They differ in…

MONOCOTS	DICOTS
Their leaves are sessile.	Their leaves have a petiole.
The blade is large and narrow.	The blade oval-like form and broad.
Their leaves have a parallel venation.	Their leaves have netted venation.
Their flower has a number of petals of multiples of 3 (3,6,9,…)	Their flower has a number of petals of multiples of 4 of 5 (4,5,8,10,…)
They have fibrous root.	They have taproot or adventitious root.

The Vegetative Parts of the Plant

Plants have organs, and they have different functions. Vegetative organs of a plant are: Roots, stem, and leaves, and could be used for asexual reproduction, that is why they are not responsible for the reproduction, but yes for the life cycle, growing process, and maintenance of the plant.

Roots

Roots are necessary for the plant, because they hold the plant underground and absorb water and nutrients from the soil for the plant.

The root tip, or primary root, is the first one that develops from the plant.

Compare seedlings or young plants with the diagrams upwards and see if they are monocots or dicots…

Common name	Taproot	Fibrous	Adventitious
Lirio		X
Trebol	X
Paragüita			X

Answer the following questions:

Differentiate the three types of root systems.

Taproot: 1main root, many thick lateral roots.

Fibrous: Many long and thin lateral roots.

Adventitious: Roots that grow from the stem or leaves.

What is the advantage of a taproot over the other types of root systems?

Taproots are thicker and can get deeper in the soil, and also it is more organized.

Is a carrot a vegetable or a root? Why do you say so? What about the radish? Sweet potato?

Carrots, radishes and camotes have characteristics of both: roots and vegetables, because they grow underground, even though they don´t have lateral roots; but the plant upwards doesn´t have a stem; so, in my opinion is a combination of both.